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Myanmar
In Brief |
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| Home >> Myanmar in Brief |
| Myanmar in Brief |
| LOCATION |
The Union of Myanmar is geographically situated in Southeast Asia
between latitudes 09° 32' N and 28° 31' N and longitudes 92°
10' E and 101° 11' E.
Myanmar is bordered on the north and northeast by the People's Republic
of China, on the east and southeast by the Lao People's Democratic
Republic and the Kingdom of Thailand, on the south by the Andaman
Sea and the Bay of Bengal and on the west by the People's Republic
of Bangladesh and the Republic of India.
East longitude 96° 13' and north latitude 16° 45' run through
Yangon, the Capital City of Myanmar. Myanmar Standard Time, taken
as on east longitude 97° 30' is six hours and thirty minutes ahead
of Greenwich Mean Time.
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| AREA |
The total area of Myanmar is 2,61,228 square miles (6,77,000 square
kilometres). It stretches for 582 miles (936 kilometres) from east
to west and 1,275 miles (2,051 kilometres) from north to south.
The length of contiguous frontier is 3,828 miles (6,129 kilometres),
sharing 1,370 miles with China, 1,310 miles with Thailand, 832 miles
with India, 1,687 miles with Bangladesh and 148 miles with Laos respectively.
The length of the coastline from the month of Naaf River to Kawthaung
is approximately 1,385 miles.
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| PHYSICAL FEATURES |
The topography of Myanmar can roughly be divided into three parts:
the Western Hills Region, the Central Valley Region and the Eastern
Hill Region. The Himalayan Range has a link with Myanmar and is known
as the Western Yoma that runs to the south. The Khakabo Razi which
is situated in the northern most part of the Western Yoma is 19,296
feet high while the Sarameti is 12,553. The Western Yoma Range serves
as a wall that separates Myanmar from India.
The Central Valley Region consists of the broadest valley of the Ayeyawady.
The first part of the River Ayeyawady is from the origin of river
to Mandalay; the second part constitutes from Mandalay to Pyay and
the third is the part from Pyay to the mouth of the river. The Central
Valley Region consists of Sittaung Valley and Chindwin Valley. In
the centre lies the small mountain ranges such as Zeebyu Taungdan,
Min-wun Taungdan, Hman-kin Taungdan and Gangaw Taungdan. There also
lies the low range of Bago Yoma that slopes down from north to south.
The Eastern Hills Region is the Shan Plateau which is average 3,000
to 4,000 feet above sea-level. Unlike the plain, the plateau has high
mountain ranges and the River Than Lwin flows through the Shan Plateau
to the northern Taninthayi Coastal Strip. The rivers of Shweli, Myitnge,
Zawgyi and Pan-laung which have their sources at the Shan Plateau
flow into the River Ayeyawady.
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| THE STATE SEAL |
The distinguishing features of the State Seal are as follows: -
(a) At the centre of the State Seal is a pinion with fourteen equal-sized
cogs on which the map of Myanmar is
superimposed. The pinion and the map are encircled with two ears of
paddy.
(b) The ears of paddy are flanked on each side by and artistic Myanmar
Lion. The lion on the right side faces towards
the right and the one on the left side faces towards the left.
(c) The words" The Union of Myanmar" are inscribed in Myanmar
below the lions and the ears of paddy.
(d) At the top of the State Seal is a star with five vertices.
(e) Myanmar floral designs are etched on either side of the ears of
paddy and the star.
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| THE STATE FLAG |
The State Flag is rectangular in shape and its background colour
is red with a dark blue canton at the top left corner. A pinion and
ears of paddy encircled with fourteen white stars of equal size have
been superimposed on the dark blue field of the canton.
The centre of the pinion coincides with the centre of the blue canton.
The pinion has fourteen cogs of equal size and within it are two ears
of paddy consisting of 34 grains. At the top of each cog of the pinion
is a star with five vertices.
Of the three colours of the flag, red signifies courage and decisiveness,
white signifies purity and virtue and dark blue signifies peace and
integrity.
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